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Energy balance of biomass heating plant
Žmolík, Václav ; Šen, Hugo (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This thesis deals with a design of a biomass heating plant combinating a Rankin-Clausius cyklus and a CHP unit. The CHP unit fuel is a biogas and the boiler fuel is a wooden chip. The adapted CHP unit regenerates feed-water of the R-C cycles. This design is technicaly and economicalty compared with the Rankin-Clausius cycle without feed-water regeneration by the CHP unit.
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Modern Biogas Station as Part of "Smart Regions"
Horák, Jakub ; Pavel,, Milčák (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This thesis deals with the design of computational model of a biogas plant and its use in the concept of intelligent region with focusing on district heating and cooling network. The introduction contains review of technology used in the biogas plant. This review covers the description of modern biogas plants and determination of the energy and technology parameters for computational model of biogas plant. The next part of thesis describes analyze of the dynamics of the operation and the possibilities of using waste heat from biogas plant. The last and also the most important part is based on design of computational model of a biogas plant and design of connection of a biogas plant to the district heating and cooling network.
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Anaerobic digestion of sludge from pulp and fodder yeast production
Řezáč, Jaroslav ; Beňo, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pěček, Jan (advisor)
The thesis aims to identify suitable and in the locality available raw materials to a commnon fermentation with sludge from pulp and fodder yeast production in company Biocel Paskov a.s.. Introductory chapter briefly describes the mechanisms of penetration of the sludge itself. The following section deals with origin, chemical composition and properties of biogas. The factors affecting the production of biogas are described. A key part of this thesis is a performance of sludge fermentation test and selected mixed substrate. Acquired knowledge is evaluated and the optimum composition of input raw materials with regard to maximum, but also economic recovery of biogas selected. Further, on the basis of obtained data a rough draft of biogas station is done, icluding its energeic and economic balance.
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Energy use of biomass
Musilová, Petra ; Brázdil, Marian (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The objective of this bachelor’s thesis is a research study of biomass use in energy industry with main focus on electric energy production. This thesis primarily concerns with biomass properties, biomass processing technologies and the application of such technologies in the Czech Republic. The first part of this work consists of biomass definition and its division. The next part deals with biomass energetic properties and following is a familiarization with cogeneration (the combined use of heat and power to create electricity). Furthermore this thesis analyses individual technologies used in electricity production. The last part focuses on heating plants, power stations and biogas plants, which use biomass and on charting these specific units in the Czech Republic.
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Increasing of electricity production in BGS using ORC cycle
Beck, Michal ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
Objective of this Master’s thesis is to make search about generation and use biogas, with focus on cogeneration and to make search about possibilities of increasing the share of production of electricity by cogeneration from biogas. This final work has also the task to summarize possibilities of increasing the share with ORC cycle and to evaluate pros and cons of this use. Main part of this work is dealing with own design of increasing production of electricity with cogeneration from biogas in biogas station with ORC cycle and comparing this modification with steam engine.
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Design of equipment for thermo mechanical pre-treatment of biodegradable waste
Kolařík, Ivo ; Jedlička, Filip (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
The main objective of this master’s thesis is to develop design equipment for thermomechanical pre-treatment of biodegradable waste. An important aspect of the design is taking into account current legislation, sanitary conditions for determining the pre-treated biodegradable material, which also serves as a raw material for biogas production. So the device will be used to monitor the impact of thermomechanical pre-treatment of biodegradable waste for biogas recovery. The following describes the processes of anaerobic decomposition of biodegradable materials and technology, whose main task is intensification of anaerobic decomposition of organic materials. The theoretical work are given various methods of processing and utilization of biodegradable wastes, focusing on kitchen waste and sludge from sewage plants. The next section describes the various factors that may affect the stability of the process of biogas generation. This also results in yield and chemical composition of biogas. A key part of this master’s thesis is to develop technical documentation and an approximate calculation of the hot slurry.
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Treatment of Waste Water Treatment Sludge Prior of its Following Utilization
Pěček, Jan ; Klemeš,, Jiří (referee) ; Žaloudík, Petr (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
Industrial production of cellulose is an energy intensive process. Businesses aim to utilized as much input energy, materials as possible while minimizing the waste as well. In addition to the main product – cellulose and large amounts of organically polluted water which is subsequently treated in waste water treatment plants. This PhD thesis deals with formation of suitable mixing formula for sludge from cellulose production and available materials (waste) from close neighborhood of Biocel Paskov a.s. so that well balanced cofermentation products are achieved. This mainly involves grass from lawn maintenance, grass ensilage, potato peels, and leftovers from vegetable processing. Fermentation processes (both mesophilic and thermophilic) of prepared fermentation products were conducted in semi-continuous and continuous laboratory fermentation units. Reduction of organic mass depending on residence time was closely observed as well as production and quality of biogas along with quality of output digestate. Course of process behaviour under controlled pH was tested. Results of particular tests were integrated into graphs. Conclusion of the thesis presents balance scheme drawn for selected variants, and design of real fermentation station with individual buildings, operations, basic machinery and equipment description including investment costs. Financial calculation and expected investment return was conducted in two variants – without subsidies and including subsidies from Operational Programme Renewable Sources of Energy.
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Disintegration of sludge thickened by flotation
Veverka, Jakub ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Houdková, Lucie (advisor)
The main topic of this thesis is a research of influence of disintegration of sewage sludge on the production of biogas during the process of anaerobic fermentation. The theoretical part deals with issues and specific methods used during the process of waste water cleaning, furthermore it contains simplified description of waste water treatment plants and particular devices. The number of ways of processing sewage sludge and its potential utilization id also discussed. Following parts of the thesis analyze in detail my own process of anaerobic fermentation including important factors influencing this process. Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic fermentation and ecological perspective on the issue are included in this part. Another important part of the thesis deals with disintegration and description of the disintegration methods and devices. The fundamental part implies the analysis of the executed experiments. Experiments analyze the growth of biogas during anaerobic fermentation depending on the disintegration of sewage sludge. After that the evaluation of the experiments is stated together with economical calculations of the disintegration process executed in laboratory conditions.
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Biogas technologies
Martanová, Iveta ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor's work deals with technology of conception and production of biogas from biodegradable waste. In the introductory part there is elaboration of biogas facts, the principle of biogas origin and the usage of biogas in practice. The main part is dedicated to individual technology of the biogas production. There are descriptions of technological equipment for gas producing and descriptions of individual methods of waste processing indicating their advantages and disadvantages.
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Production of biogas as an automotive fuel from renewable materials
Frühbauer, Zdeněk ; Houdková, Lucie (referee) ; Dlabaja, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to specify and summarize possibilities of biogas production as a motor vehicle fuel by using the renewable energy sources. In the first part of the thesis there are the data concerning biogas, its production and chemical composition. An important part of the thesis is a description of current most used methods of cleaning which adjust biogas to quality of natural gas. The important part of this thesis is to introduce some of already working projects and to get knowledge about possibilities of making biogas from biologically decomposable material as a renewable energy source. The close of the thesis deals with energy, economy and ecological audit too and values biogas through all angles which decide about its using in larger size in the car industry.
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